entranceChanges in PUE 7. PUE (last edition). The longest allowable protective automatic shutdown time for the IT system in mobile electrical installations powered by an autonomous mobile source
7.1.1. This chapter of the Rules applies to electrical installations: residential buildings listed in SNiP 2.08.01-89 "Residential buildings"; public buildings listed in SNiP 2.08.02-89 "Public buildings and structures" (with the exception of buildings and premises listed in Chapter 7.2): administrative and amenity buildings listed in SNiP 2.09.04-87 "Administrative and amenity buildings" ; electrical installations of unique and other special buildings that are not included in the above list may be subject to additional requirements.
The requirements of this chapter do not apply to special electrical installations in medical institutions, organizations and institutions of science and scientific service, to dispatching and communication systems, as well as to electrical installations, which by their nature should be classified as electrical installations. industrial enterprises(workshops, boiler houses, heating points, pumping stations, laundry factories, dry cleaning factories, etc.).
7.1.2. Electrical installations of buildings, in addition to the requirements of this chapter, must meet the requirements of the chapters of Sec. 1-6 of the PUE to the extent that they are not changed by this chapter.
7.1.3. Input device (VU) - a set of structures, devices and devices installed at the input of the supply line to the building or to its separate part.
The input device, which also includes devices and devices of outgoing lines, is called an input-distribution device (ASU).
7.1.4. The main switchboard (MSB) is a switchboard through which the entire building or its separate part is supplied with electricity. The role of the main switchboard can be performed by an ASU or a low-voltage shield of a substation.
7.1.5. Distribution point (RP) - a device in which protection devices and switching devices (or only protection devices) are installed for individual electrical receivers or their groups (electric motors, group shields).
7.1.6. Group shield - a device in which protection devices and switching devices (or only protection devices) are installed for individual groups of lamps, plug sockets and stationary electrical receivers.
7.1.7. Apartment shield - a group shield installed in an apartment and designed to connect a network that feeds lamps, sockets and stationary electrical receivers of an apartment.
7.1.8. Floor switchboard - a switchboard installed on the floors of residential buildings and designed to power apartments or apartment switchboards.
7.1.9. Electrical room - room. accessible only to service qualified personnel, in which VU, ASU, MSB and other switchgears are installed.
7.1.10. Supply network - a network from a switchgear of a substation or a branch from overhead power lines to VU, ASU, MSB.
7.1.11. Distribution network - a network from VU, ASU, MSB to distribution points and shields.
7.1.12. Group network - a network from shields and distribution points to lamps, sockets and other electrical receivers.
General requirements. Power supply
7.1.13. The power supply of electrical receivers must be carried out from a 380/220 V network with a TN-S or TN-C-S grounding system.
When reconstructing residential and public buildings with a mains voltage of 220/127 V or 3 x 220 V, it is necessary to provide for the transfer of the network to a voltage of 380/220 V with a TN-S or TN-C-S grounding system.
7.1.14. External power supply of buildings must meet the requirements of Chapter 1.2.
7.1.15. In the dormitories of various institutions, in schools and other educational institutions etc. the construction of built-in and attached substations is not allowed.
In residential buildings, in exceptional cases, it is allowed to place built-in and attached substations using dry-type transformers in agreement with the state supervision bodies, while sanitary requirements to limit the level of noise and vibration in accordance with applicable standards.
The device and placement of built-in, attached and stand-alone substations must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the chapters of Sec. 4.
7.1.16. It is recommended to supply power and lighting electrical receivers from the same transformers.
7.1.17. The location and layout of transformer substations should provide for the possibility of round-the-clock unhindered access to them by the personnel of the power supply organization.
7.1.18. The supply of security lighting and evacuation lighting must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Ch. 6.1 and 6.2, as well as SNiP 23-05-95 "Natural and artificial lighting".
7.1.19. If there are elevators in the building, which are also intended for transporting fire departments, their power must be provided in accordance with the requirements of Ch. 7.4.
7.1.20. The electrical networks of buildings should be designed to supply lighting for advertising, shop windows, facades, illumination, outdoor, fire-fighting devices, dispatching systems, local television networks, light indicators for fire hydrants, safety signs, bells and other alarms, light railing lights, etc., in accordance with the design assignment.
7.1.21. When supplying single-phase consumers of buildings from a multi-phase distribution network, it is allowed for different groups of single-phase consumers to have common N and PE conductors (five-wire network) laid directly from the ASU, combining N and PE conductors (four-wire network with a PEN conductor) is not allowed.
When supplying single-phase consumers from a multi-phase supply network with branches from overhead lines, when the PEN conductor of the overhead line is common for groups of single-phase consumers powered by different phases, it is recommended to provide for a protective shutdown of consumers when the voltage is exceeded above the allowable voltage that occurs due to unbalance of the load when the PEN is broken conductor. Shutdown should be carried out at the input to the building, for example, by acting on the independent release of the input circuit breaker by means of an overvoltage relay, while both phase (L) and zero working (N) conductors should be disconnected.
When choosing devices and devices installed at the input, preference, ceteris paribus, should be given to devices and devices that remain operational when the voltage is exceeded above the permissible level, arising due to load asymmetry when the PEN or N conductor is broken, while their switching and other performance specifications may not be met.
In all cases, in the circuits of PE and PEN conductors, it is forbidden to have switching contact and non-contact elements.
Connections that can be disassembled with a tool are allowed, as well as connectors specially designed for this purpose.
Introductory devices, switchboards, distribution points, group shields
7.1.22. At the entrance to the building, a VU or ASU should be installed. One or more VU or ASU can be installed in the building.
If there are several economically isolated consumers in the building, it is recommended to install an independent VU or ASU for each of them.
It is also allowed to supply consumers located in other buildings from the ASU, provided that these consumers are functionally connected.
With branches from overhead lines with a rated current of up to 25 A, the VU or VRU may not be installed at the inputs to the building if the distance from the branch to the group shield, which in this case performs the functions of the VU, is not more than 3 m. This section of the network must be carried out by a flexible copper cable with with a core cross section of at least 4 mm 2, flame retardant, laid in a steel pipe, while the requirements for ensuring a reliable contact connection with the branch wires must be met.
For air inlet, surge arresters must be installed.
7.1.23. Before entering buildings, it is not allowed to install additional cable boxes to separate the service area of external supply networks and networks inside the building. Such separation should be carried out in the ASU or MSB.
7.1.24. VU, VRU, MSB must have protection devices at all inputs of supply lines and at all outgoing lines.
7.1.25. At the input of the supply lines to the VU, ASU, MSB, control devices must be installed. On outgoing lines, control devices can be installed either on each line, or be common to several lines.
The circuit breaker should be considered as a protection and control device.
7.1.26. Control devices, regardless of their presence at the beginning of the supply line, must be installed at the inputs of supply lines in retail premises, utilities, administrative premises, etc., as well as in consumer premises that are administratively and economicly separated.
7.1.27. The floor shield must be installed at a distance of no more than 3 m along the length of the electrical wiring from the supply riser, taking into account the requirements of Ch. 3.1.
7.1.28. VU, VRU, MSB, as a rule, should be installed in switchboard rooms accessible only to service personnel. In areas prone to flooding, they should be installed above the flood level.
VU, ASU, MSB can be located in premises allocated in operated dry basements, provided that these premises are accessible to service personnel and are separated from other premises by partitions with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours.
When placing VU, ASU, MSB, distribution points and group shields outside the switchboard rooms, they should be installed in places convenient and accessible for maintenance, in cabinets with a shell protection degree of at least IP31.
The distance from pipelines (water supply, heating, sewerage, internal drains), gas pipelines and gas meters to the installation site must be at least 1 m.
7.1.29. Switchboard rooms, as well as VU, ASU, MSB, are not allowed to be located under sanitary facilities, bathrooms, showers, kitchens (except for apartment kitchens), sinks, washing and steam rooms of baths and other rooms associated with wet technological processes, except for cases when special measures are taken for reliable waterproofing, preventing moisture from entering the premises where switchgears are installed.
It is not recommended to lay pipelines (water supply, heating) through electrical switchboard rooms.
Pipelines (water supply, heating), ventilation and other ducts laid through switchboard rooms should not have branches within the room (with the exception of a branch to the heater of the switchboard room itself), as well as hatches, valves, flanges, valves, etc.
Laying gas and pipelines with flammable liquids, sewers and internal drains through these premises is not allowed.
Electrical room doors must open outwards.
7.1.30. Premises in which ASU, MSB are installed must have natural ventilation and electric lighting. The room temperature should not be lower than +5 o С.
7.1.31. Electrical circuits within the VU, ASU, MSB, distribution points, group shields should be carried out with wires with copper conductors.
Wiring and cable lines
7.1.32. Internal wiring must be carried out taking into account the following:
1. Electrical installations different organizations, isolated in administrative and economic terms, located in the same building, can be connected by branches to a common supply line or fed by separate lines from the ASU or MSB.
2. It is allowed to connect several risers to one line. On branches to each riser supplying apartments of residential buildings with more than 5 floors, a control device combined with a protection device should be installed.
3. In residential buildings, luminaires in stairwells, lobbies, halls, floor corridors and other indoor premises outside apartments must be powered through independent lines from the ASU or separate group panels powered by the ASU. The connection of these lamps to floor and apartment shields is not allowed.
4. For staircases and corridors with natural light, it is recommended to provide automatic control electric lighting depending on the illumination created by natural light.
5. Power supply of electrical installations of non-residential stock is recommended to be performed by separate lines.
7.1.33. Supply networks from substations to VU, ASU, MSB must be protected from short circuit currents.
7.1.34. In buildings, cables and wires with copper conductors should be used.
Supply and distribution networks, as a rule, should be made with cables and wires with aluminum conductors if their calculated cross section is 16 mm 2 or more.
The power supply of individual electrical receivers related to the engineering equipment of buildings (pumps, fans, heaters, air conditioning units, etc.) can be carried out with wires or cables with aluminum conductors with a cross section of at least 2.5 mm 2.
In museums, art galleries, exhibition spaces, it is allowed to use lighting busbars with IP20 protection degree, in which branch devices to lamps have detachable contact connections located inside the busbar trunking at the moment of switching, and busbar trunkings with IP44 protection degree, in which branches to lamps are made with using plug-in connectors, which ensure that the branch circuit is interrupted until the plug is removed from the socket.
In these premises, lighting bus ducts must be fed from distribution points by independent lines.
In residential buildings, the cross-sections of copper conductors must correspond to the calculated values, but not less than those indicated in Table 7.1.1.
1 Until 2001, according to the existing construction reserve, it is allowed to use wires and cables with aluminum conductors.
Table 7.1.1. The smallest allowable sections of cables and wires of electrical networks in residential buildings.
7.1.35. In residential buildings, the laying of vertical sections of the distribution network inside apartments is not allowed.
It is forbidden to lay from the floor shield in a common pipe, common box or channel of wires and cables feeding the lines of different apartments.
Flame-retardant laying in a common pipe, common duct or duct is allowed building structures made of non-combustible materials, wires and cables of the supply lines of apartments together with wires and cables of group lines of working lighting of stairwells, floor corridors and other indoor premises.
7.1.36. In all buildings, group network lines laid from group, floor and apartment shields to general lighting fixtures, socket outlets and stationary electrical receivers must be three-wire (phase - L, zero working - N and zero protective - PE conductors).
It is not allowed to combine zero working and zero protective conductors of various group lines.
Zero working and zero protective conductors are not allowed to be connected on shields under a common terminal.
The cross-sections of the conductors must meet the requirements of clause 7.1.45.
7.1.37. Electrical wiring in the premises should be replaced: hidden - in the channels of building structures, embedded pipes; open - in electrical skirting boards, boxes, etc.
In technical floors, undergrounds, unheated basements, attics, ventilation chambers, damp and especially damp rooms, electrical wiring is recommended to be carried out openly.
In buildings with building structures made of non-combustible materials, non-replaceable monolithic laying of group networks in the grooves of walls, partitions, ceilings, under plaster, in the floor preparation layer or in the voids of building structures is allowed, performed by a cable or insulated wires in a protective sheath. The use of non-replaceable monolithic laying of wires in panels of walls, partitions and ceilings, made during their manufacture at construction industry plants or performed in the assembly joints of panels during the installation of buildings, is not allowed.
7.1.38. Electrical networks laid behind impassable suspended ceilings and in partitions are considered as hidden electrical wiring and they should be carried out: behind ceilings and in the voids of partitions made of combustible materials in metal pipes with localization ability and in closed boxes; behind ceilings and in partitions made of non-combustible materials 2 - in pipes and ducts made of non-combustible materials, as well as cables that do not spread combustion. At the same time, it should be possible to replace wires and cables.
2 Non-combustible suspended ceilings are those ceilings made of non-combustible materials, while other building structures located above suspended ceilings, including interfloor ceilings, are also made of non-combustible materials.
7.1.39. In the premises for cooking and eating, with the exception of the kitchens of the apartments, open laying of cables is allowed. Open laying of wires in these rooms is not allowed.
In the kitchens of apartments, the same types of electrical wiring can be used as in living rooms and corridors.
7.1.40. In saunas, bathrooms, toilets, showers, as a rule, hidden wiring should be used. Open laying of cables is allowed.
In saunas, bathrooms, toilets, showers, it is not allowed to lay wires with metal sheaths, in metal pipes and metal sleeves.
In saunas for zones 3 and 4 in accordance with GOST R 50571.12-96 "Electrical installations of buildings. Part 7. Requirements for special electrical installations. Section 703. Premises containing sauna heaters" electrical wiring with a permissible insulation temperature of 170 o C must be used.
7.1.41. Electrical wiring in attics must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Sec. 2.
7.1.42. Through the basements and technical undergrounds of building sections, it is allowed to lay power cables with voltage up to 1 kV, which feed the electrical receivers of other sections of the building. These cables are not considered as transit cables, the laying of transit cables through the basements and technical undergrounds of buildings is prohibited.
7.1.43. Open laying of transit cables and wires through storerooms and warehouses is not allowed.
7.1.44. Lines supplying refrigeration units of trade and Catering, must be laid from the ASU or MSB of these enterprises.
7.1.45. The selection of the conductor section should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the relevant chapters of the PUE.
Single-phase two- and three-wire lines, as well as three-phase four- and five-wire lines when supplying single-phase loads, must have a cross section of zero working (N) conductors equal to the cross section of phase conductors.
Three-phase four- and five-wire lines when supplying three-phase symmetrical loads must have a cross section of zero working (N) conductors equal to the cross section of the phase conductors, if the phase conductors have a cross section of up to 16 mm 2 for copper and 25 mm 2 for aluminum, and for large cross sections - not less than 50% of the cross section of the phase conductors.
The cross section of PEN conductors must be not less than the cross section of N conductors and not less than 10 mm 2 for copper and 16 mm 2 for aluminum, regardless of the cross section of the phase conductors.
The cross section of PE conductors should be equal to the cross section of the phase conductors with a cross section of the latter up to 16 mm 2, 16 mm 2 with a cross section of phase conductors from 16 to 35 mm 2 and 50% of the cross section of phase conductors for large cross sections.
The cross section of PE conductors that are not part of the cable must be at least 2.5 mm 2 - in the presence of mechanical protection and 4 mm 2 - in its absence.
Internal electrical equipment
7.1.46. In the premises for cooking, except for the kitchens of apartments, lamps with incandescent lamps installed above workplaces (stoves, tables, etc.) must have a protective glass below. Luminaires with fluorescent lamps must have gratings or grids or lamp holders to prevent the lamps from falling out.
7.1.47. In bathrooms, showers and lavatories, only electrical equipment should be used that is specifically designed for installation in the appropriate areas of these premises in accordance with GOST R 50571.11-96 "Electrical installations of buildings. Part 7. Requirements for special electrical installations. Section 701. Bathrooms and shower rooms", the following requirements must be met:
- - electrical equipment must have a degree of protection for water not lower than:
- in zone 0 - IPx7;
- in zone 1 - IPx5;
- in zone 2 - IPx4 (IPx5 - in bathtubs common use);
- in zone 3 - IPx1 (IPx5 - in public baths);
- - in zone 0, electrical appliances with a voltage of up to 12 V intended for use in a bath can be used, and the power source must be located outside this zone:
- - only water heaters can be installed in zone 1;
- - in zone 2, water heaters and lighting fixtures of protection class 2 can be installed;
- - in zones 0, 1 and 2 it is not allowed to install junction boxes, switchgears and control devices.
7.1.48. Installation of plug sockets in bathrooms, shower rooms, soap rooms of baths, rooms containing heaters for saunas (hereinafter referred to as "saunas"), as well as in washing rooms of laundries is not allowed, with the exception of bathrooms of apartments and hotel rooms.
In the bathrooms of apartments and hotel rooms, it is allowed to install socket outlets in zone 3 according to GOST R 50571.11-96, connected to the network through isolating transformers or protected by a residual current device that responds to a differential current not exceeding 30 mA.
Any switches and sockets must be at least 0.6 m away from the doorway of the shower cabin.
7.1.49. In buildings with a three-wire network (see clause 7.1.36.), socket outlets for a current of at least 10 A with a protective contact must be installed.
Plug sockets installed in apartments, living rooms in a hostel, as well as in rooms for children in children's institutions (kindergartens, nurseries, schools, etc.) must have a protective device that automatically closes the socket sockets when the plug is removed.
7.1.50. The minimum distance from switches, socket outlets and elements of electrical installations to gas pipelines must be at least 0.5 m.
In rooms where children stay in childcare facilities (kindergartens, nurseries, schools, etc.), switches should be installed at a height of 1.8 m from the floor.
7.1.52. In saunas, bathrooms, sanitary facilities, soap rooms of baths, steam rooms, washing rooms of laundries, etc. installation of switchgears and control devices is not allowed.
In washbasin rooms and zones 1 and 2 (GOST R 50571.11-96) of bathrooms and shower rooms, it is allowed to install switches operated by a cord.
7.1.53. Switching devices of the lighting network of attics with elements of building structures (roofing, trusses, rafters, beams, etc.) made of combustible materials must be installed outside the attic.
7.1.54. Switches for lamps for working, security and evacuation lighting of premises intended for the stay of a large number of people (for example, retail premises of shops, canteens, hotel lobbies, etc.) should be accessible only to service personnel.
7.1.55. A luminaire must be installed above each entrance to the building.
7.1.56. House number plates and fire hydrant indicators installed on the outer walls of buildings must be illuminated. The electric light sources of license plates and hydrant indicators should be powered from the building's internal lighting network, and the fire hydrant indicators installed on outdoor lighting poles should be supplied from the outdoor lighting network.
7.1.57. Fire fighting devices and security alarm, regardless of the category in terms of the reliability of the power supply of the building, must be powered by two inputs, and in their absence - by two lines from one input. Switching from one line to another should be automatic.
7.1.58. Electric motors installed in the attic, distribution points, separately installed switching devices and protection devices must have a degree of protection of at least IP44.
Electricity metering
7.1.59. In residential buildings, one single or three-phase settlement meter (with three-phase input) should be installed for each apartment.
7.1.60. Settlement meters in public buildings, which house several consumers of electricity, should be provided for each consumer, isolated in administrative and economic terms (studio, shops, workshops, warehouses, housing maintenance offices, etc.).
7.1.61. In public buildings, settlement electricity meters should be installed at the ASU (MSH) at the balance delimitation points with the energy supply organization. In the presence of built-in or attached transformer substations, the power of which is fully used by the consumers of this building, settlement meters should be installed at the low-voltage terminals of power transformers on combined low-voltage switchboards, which are at the same time the ASU of the building.
ASU and metering devices for different subscribers located in the same building may be installed in one common room. By agreement with the energy supply organization, settlement meters can be installed at one of the consumers, from the ASU of which other consumers located in this building are powered. At the same time, at the inputs of the supply lines in the premises of these other consumers, control meters should be installed for settlement with the main subscriber.
7.1.62. Estimated meters for the general house load of residential buildings (lighting of staircases, offices of house management, yard lighting, etc.) are recommended to be installed in ASU cabinets or on main switchboard panels.
When installing apartment shields in the hallways of apartments, meters, as a rule, should be installed on these shields, it is allowed to install meters on floor shields.
7.1.64. For the safe replacement of a meter directly connected to the network, a switching device must be provided in front of each meter to relieve voltage from all phases connected to the meter.
Disconnecting devices for removing voltage from settlement meters located in apartments should be located outside the apartment.
7.1.65. After the meter connected directly to the network, a protection device must be installed. If several lines equipped with protection devices leave after the meter, the installation of a common protection device is not required.
Protective security measures
7.1.67. Grounding and protective measures for the safety of electrical installations of buildings must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Ch. 1.7 and additional requirements given in this section.
7.1.68. In all rooms, it is necessary to connect the open conductive parts of general lighting fixtures and stationary electrical receivers (electric stoves, boilers, household air conditioners, electric towels, etc.) to the neutral protective conductor.
7.1.69. In the premises of buildings, metal cases of single-phase portable electrical appliances and desktop office equipment of class I in accordance with GOST 12.2.007.0-75 "SSBT. Electrical products. General requirements safety" must be connected to the protective conductors of the three-wire group line (see clause 7.1.36.).
Metal frames of partitions, doors and frames used for laying cables should be connected to protective conductors.
7.1.70. In rooms without increased danger, it is allowed to use pendant luminaires that are not equipped with clamps for connecting protective conductors, provided that the hook for their suspension is insulated. The requirements of this clause do not cancel the requirements of clause 7.1.36. and are not the basis for two-wire wiring.
7.1.71. For protection of group lines supplying socket outlets for portable electrical appliances, it is recommended to provide residual current devices (RCD).
7.1.72. If the overcurrent protection device (circuit breaker, fuse) does not provide an automatic shutdown time of 0.4 s at a rated voltage of 220 V due to low short-circuit currents and the installation (apartment) is not covered by a potential equalization system, the installation of an RCD is mandatory.
7.1.73. When installing RCDs in series, selectivity requirements must be met. With two- and multi-stage circuits, the RCD located closer to the power source must have a setting and tripping time of at least 3 times greater than that of the RCD located closer to the consumer.
7.1.74. In the coverage area of the RCD, the zero working conductor should not have connections with grounded elements and a zero protective conductor.
7.1.75. In all cases, the use of RCDs must ensure reliable switching of load circuits, taking into account possible overloads.
It is not allowed to use RCDs in group lines that do not have overcurrent protection, without an additional device that provides this protection.
When using RCDs that do not have overcurrent protection, their design verification in overcurrent modes is necessary, taking into account protective characteristics superior device providing overcurrent protection.
7.1.77. In residential buildings, it is not allowed to use RCDs that automatically disconnect the consumer from the network in the event of a power outage or unacceptable drop in mains voltage. In this case, the RCD must remain operational for a time of at least 5 s when the voltage drops to 50% of the nominal.
7.1.78. In buildings, RCDs of type "A" can be used, responding to both alternating and pulsating fault currents, or "AC", responding only to alternating leakage currents.
Sources of pulsating current are, for example, washing machines with speed controls, adjustable light sources, televisions, VCRs, personal computers and etc.
7.1.79. In group networks supplying plug sockets, an RCD with a rated operating current of not more than 30 mA should be used.
It is allowed to connect several group lines to one RCD through separate circuit breakers (fuses).
The installation of RCDs in lines supplying stationary equipment and fixtures, as well as in general lighting networks, is usually not required.
7.1.81. The installation of an RCD is prohibited for electrical receivers, the disconnection of which can lead to situations dangerous for consumers (turn off the fire alarm, etc.).
7.1.82. It is mandatory to install an RCD with a rated operating current of not more than 30 mA for group lines supplying socket networks located outdoors and in especially dangerous and high-risk areas, for example, in zone 3 of bathrooms and shower rooms in apartments and hotel rooms.
7.1.83. The total leakage current of the network, taking into account the connected stationary and portable power receivers in normal operation, should not exceed 1/3 of the rated current of the RCD. In the absence of data, the leakage current of electrical receivers should be taken at the rate of 0.4 mA per 1 A of load current, and the network leakage current at the rate of 10 μA per 1 m of the length of the phase conductor.
7.1.84. To increase the level of fire protection in case of short circuits to grounded parts, when the current is insufficient to operate the overcurrent protection, at the input to an apartment, an individual house, etc. it is recommended to install an RCD with a trip current of up to 300 mA.
7.1.85. For residential buildings when meeting the requirements of clause 7.1.83. RCD functions according to paragraphs. 7.1.79. and 7.1.84. can be performed by one device with a tripping current of not more than 30 mA.
7.1.86. If the RCD is intended for protection against electric shock and fire, or only for protection against fire, then it must disconnect both the phase and neutral working conductors, overcurrent protection in the neutral working conductor is not required.
7.1.87. At the entrance to the building, a potential equalization system must be made by combining the following conductive parts:
- main (main) protective conductor;
- the main (main) grounding conductor or the main grounding clamp;
- steel pipes communications between buildings and between buildings;
- metal parts of building structures, lightning protection, central heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. Such conductive parts must be interconnected at the entrance to the building.
7.1.88. All open conductive parts of stationary electrical installations accessible to the touch, third-party conductive parts and zero protective conductors of all electrical equipment (including socket outlets) must be connected to an additional potential equalization system
For bathrooms and shower rooms, an additional potential equalization system is mandatory and should include, among other things, the connection of third-party conductive parts that extend outside the premises. If there is no electrical equipment with zero protective conductors connected to the potential equalization system, then the potential equalization system should be connected to the PE bus (clamp) at the input. Heating elements embedded in the floor must be covered with a grounded metal mesh or a grounded metal sheath connected to a potential equalization system. As an additional protection for heating elements, it is recommended to use an RCD for a current of up to 30 mA.
It is not allowed to use local potential equalization systems for saunas, bathrooms and shower rooms.
Section 1 General rulesChapter 1.1 General
General instructions for electrical installations
Chapter 1.2 Power supply and Electricity of the net
Application area. Definitions
General requirements
Categories of electrical receivers and ensuring the reliability of power supply
Voltage levels and regulation, reactive power compensation
Chapter 1.7 Grounding and Electrical Safety Measures
Application area. Terms and Definitions
General requirements
Protective measures against direct contact
Protective measures against direct and indirect contact
Protective measures for indirect contact
Grounding devices for electrical installations with voltages above 1 kV in networks with effectively grounded neutral
Grounding devices for electrical installations with voltages above 1 kV in networks with isolated neutral
Grounding devices of electrical installations with voltage up to 1 kV in networks with dead-earthed neutral
Grounding devices of electrical installations with voltage up to 1 kV in networks with isolated neutral
Grounding devices in areas with high earth resistivity
Earthing switches
Grounding conductors
Main ground bus
Protective conductors (PE conductors)
Combined zero protective and zero working conductors (PEN-conductors)
Conductors of the potential equalization system
Connections and connections of grounding, protective conductors and conductors of the potential equalization and equalization system
Portable electrical receivers
Mobile electrical installations
Electrical installations of premises for keeping animals
Chapter 1.8. Acceptance test standards
1.8.1 – 1.8.12. General provisions
1.8.13. Synchronous generators and compensators
1.8.14. DC machines
1.8.15. AC motors
1.8.16. Power transformers, autotransformers, oil reactors and grounding arc quenching reactors (arc coils)
1.8.17. Measuring current transformers
1.8.18. Measuring voltage transformers
1.8.19. Oil circuit breakers
1.8.20. Air circuit breakers
1.8.21. SF6 circuit breakers
1.8.22. Vacuum circuit breakers
1.8.23. Load break switches
1.8.24. Disconnectors, separators and short circuiters
1.8.25. Complete switchgears for indoor and outdoor installation (KRU and KRUN)
1.8.26. Complete current ducts (bus ducts)
1.8.27. Busbars and connecting busbars
1.8.28. Dry current limiting reactors
1.8.29. Electrostatic precipitators
1.8.30. Capacitors
1.8.31. Valve arresters and surge suppressors
1.8.32. Tubular arresters
1.8.33. Fuses, fuse-disconnectors with voltages above 1 kV
1.8.34. Bushings and bushings
1.8.35. Suspension and support insulators
1.8.36. transformer oil
1.8.37. Electrical apparatus, secondary circuits and electrical wiring up to 1 kV
1.8.38. Rechargeable batteries
1.8.39. Grounding devices
1.8.40. Power cable lines
1.8.41. Overhead power lines with voltage above 1 kV
Chapter 1.9 Insulation of electrical installations
Application area. Definitions
General requirements
VL insulation
External glass and porcelain insulation of electrical equipment and outdoor switchgear
Selection of insulation according to discharge characteristics
Determining the degree of contamination
Coefficients of use of the main types of insulators and insulating structures (glass and porcelain)
Section 2. Sewerage of electricity
Chapter 2.4 Overhead power lines with voltage up to 1 kV
Application area. Definitions
General requirements
Climatic conditions
Wires. Linear reinforcement
Arrangement of wires on poles
Insulation
Grounding. Surge protection
supports
Dimensions, intersections and convergence
Intersections, convergence, joint suspension of overhead lines with communication lines, wire broadcasting and RK
Intersections and convergence of vl with engineering structures
Chapter 2.5 Overhead power lines with voltage above 1 kV
Application area. Definitions
General requirements
Requirements for the design of overhead lines, taking into account the peculiarities of their repair and Maintenance
Protection of overhead lines from exposure environment
Climatic conditions and loads
Wires and lightning protection cables
The location of wires and cables and the distance between them
Insulators and fittings
Surge protection, grounding
Supports and foundations
Big transitions
Suspension of fiber-optic communication lines on overhead lines
Passage of overhead lines in uninhabited and hard-to-reach areas
Passage of overhead lines through plantings
Passage of overhead lines in populated areas
Crossing and approaching overhead lines to each other
Crossing and approaching overhead lines with communication, signaling and wire broadcasting facilities
Crossing and approaching overhead lines with railways
Crossing and approaching overhead lines with highways
Crossing, approaching or parallel following overhead lines with trolleybus and tram lines
Crossing overhead lines with water areas
Passage of overhead lines on bridges
Passage of overhead lines along dams and dikes
Rapprochement of overhead lines with explosive and fire hazardous installations
Crossing and approaching overhead lines with aboveground and surface pipelines, oil and gas transport facilities and cable cars
Crossing and approaching overhead lines with underground pipelines
Rapprochement of overhead lines with airfields and heliports
Appendix. Distances between wires and between wires and cables according to dance conditions
Section 4. Switchgears and substations
Chapter 4.1 Switchgears up to 1 kV AC and up to 1.5 kV DC
Application area
General requirements
Installation of devices and devices
Tires, wires, cables
Switchgear designs
Installation of switchgears in electrical rooms
Installation of switchgears in industrial premises
Outdoor switchgear installation
Chapter 4.2 Switchgears and substations with voltages above 1 kV
Scope, definitions
General requirements
Open switchgears
Biological protection against the effects of electric and magnetic fields
Closed switchgears and substations
Intrashop switchgears and transformer substations
Complete, pole, mast transformer substations and network sectioning points
Lightning surge protection
Pneumatic economy
Oil farm
Installation of power transformers and reactors
Appendix. Reference material for chapter 4.2 of the PUE. List of reference normative documents
Section 6. Electric lighting
Chapter 6.1 General
Application area. Definitions
General requirements
Emergency lighting
Execution and protection of lighting networks
Protective security measures
Chapter 6.2 Interior lighting
General requirements
Supply lighting network
group network
Chapter 6.3 Outdoor lighting
Light sources, installation of lighting fixtures and poles
Supply of outdoor lighting installations
Execution and protection of outdoor lighting networks
Chapter 6.4 Illuminated advertising, signs and illumination
Chapter 6.5 Light Control
General requirements
Interior lighting control
Outdoor lighting control
Chapter 6.6 Lighting fixtures and wiring devices
Lighting
Wiring devices
Section 7 Electrical equipment of special installations
Chapter 7.1 Electrical installations of residential, public, administrative and household buildings
Application area. Definitions
Introductory devices, switchboards, distribution points, group shields
Wiring and cable lines
Internal electrical equipment
Electricity metering
Protective security measures
Chapter 7.2 Electrical installations of entertainment establishments, clubs and sports facilities
Application area. Definitions
General requirements. Power supply
electric lighting
Power equipment
Laying cables and wires
Protective security measures
Chapter 7.5 Electrothermal installations
Application area
Definitions
General requirements
Installations of arc furnaces of direct, indirect action and resistance arc furnaces
Induction and dielectric heating plants
Installations of direct and indirect resistance furnaces
Electron-beam installations
Ion and laser installations
Chapter 7.6 Electric Welding Systems
Application area
Definitions
General requirements
Requirements for premises for welding installations and welding stations
Settings electric welding(cutting, surfacing) by melting
Electric pressure welding systems
Chapter 7.10 Electrolysis and electroplating plants
Application area
Definitions. Composition of installations
General requirements
Plants for the electrolysis of water and aqueous solutions
Electrolysis plants for hydrogen production (hydrogen stations)
Electrolysis plants for chlorine production
Magnesium electrolysis plants
Aluminum electrolysis plants
Aluminum electrolytic refining plants
Electrolysis plants of ferroalloy production
Electrolysis plants for nickel-cobalt production
Copper electrolysis plants
Electroplating plants
Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE) is the main regulatory and technical document that designers are guided by when calculating electrical installations of all types and modifications.
In other words, PUE are rules that describe the principles for constructing electrical devices, as well as the basic requirements for power systems, electrical components, elements and communications.
In fact, the PUE is the Bible and the main table book any qualified electrician. If a master comes to you who does not know what the Electrical Installation Rules are, this is not an electrician. Hit him in the neck.
The rules described in the PUE apply to newly constructed or reconstructed electrical installations of direct and alternating current with a voltage of up to 750 (kV), including special electrical installations.
Currently in the territory Russian Federation the PUE is valid in the form of separate sections and chapters of the 7th edition and the current sections and chapters of the 6th edition.
The history of the creation of the Rules
PUE has existed for over 65 years (the first edition was published back in 1949). Due to the constant development of technology, the emergence of new technologies, the increasing requirements for electrical safety and reliability of electrical installations, these rules are continuously supplemented and revised.
For example, the fifth edition was published between 1976 and 1982 in separate sections. PUE 6 was developed and put into effect by the Ministry of Energy and Electrification of the USSR on June 1, 1985, and most of it is still in effect today.
Gradually, the obsolete chapters of PUE 6 are being replaced with the corresponding chapters of PUE 7, as they are developed taking into account the most modern GOSTs, SNiPs and recommendations of working groups. Thus, the 6th edition of the PUE is still valid, with the exception of some obsolete chapters (see their list below).
In the period from 2000 to 2003, the following chapters of PUE 6 became invalid (and, accordingly, chapters of PUE 7 came into force):
- July 1, 2000 - section 6 in its entirety, as well as chapters 7.1, 7.2;
- January 1, 2003 - chapters 1.1, 1.2, 1.7, 7.5, 7.6;
- September 1, 2003 - chapter 1.8;
- October 1, 2003 - chapters 2.4, 2.5;
- November 1, 2003 - chapters 4.1, 4.2.
What is the difference between the PUE of the 7th edition and PUE 6?
The sections and chapters of PUE-7 released into the light have tightened the requirements for electrical safety, which have become practically compliant international standards and norms. Some concepts have also been introduced, for example:
- grounding system TN-S;
- grounding system TN-С-S;
- grounding system TN-C;
- TT grounding system;
- IT grounding system;
- protective grounding came to replace the concept of zeroing;
- etc.
I would like to note that PUE-7 still does not take into account the requirements for the protection of electrical installations from fires in accordance with GOST R 50571.17-2000, from overvoltages during ground faults in electrical installations above 1000 (V), from switching and lightning overvoltages and discharges in accordance with GOST R 50571.19-2000, GOST R 50571.18-2000 and GOST R 50571.20-2000. Thus, it is obvious that PUE 7 is not a complete edition, and will be supplemented in the future.
Our website presents, consisting of the PUE of the 6th edition with all the chapters from the 7th edition that have entered into force. In this way, this is the most complete and most up-to-date version of the Electrical Installation Rules subject to all official changes and additions.
Also you can (PDF, 3 Mb) in order to print it on paper.
In manuals, step-by-step diagrams and other manuals related to various electrical work, there are references to the PUE 7 edition of 2016. This is the abbreviated name of the manual with detailed Rules for the installation of electrical installations. This manual is a reference book for all whose work is in one way or another connected with electricity.
The current sections of the sixth and seventh editions with changes and additions
Main content
The rules for the installation of electrical installations can be described as a collection of regulatory legal acts, as well as an official document of the established form, adopted within the competence of the authorized government agency(Ministry of Energy).
These rules characterize devices, structural features, special claims in relation to separate systems and their components, constituent parts and communications of electrical installations.
The scope of PUE is a variety of installations used as lighting for buildings, places and structures of external lighting in cities, towns and villages, in areas owned by organizations and institutions, as well as when installing ultraviolet radiation distributed for recreational purposes.
The publication talks about the requirements that apply to the electrical part of lighting, these include:
- lighting of structures, buildings and premises;
- electrical installations for lighting in open areas of streets;
- advertising lighting.
The 2015/2016 book also regulates and spells out in detail the features of the use of electrical equipment located in residential premises and public buildings, entertainment and sports complexes. Using the available data in practice, you can be sure that the safety precautions are observed and the current power is enough for all electrical appliances.
Important!
The provisions collected in the 2016 manual greatly simplify the design and installation of electrical wiring, and also describe the rules for operating various electrical installations. Therefore, it is necessary to download the manual for everyone who is engaged in electrical work.
Electrician laying electrical wiring
Features of the latest 7 edition
This edition of the rules does not take into account recommendations on protection against fires of electrical installations (according to GOST R 50571.17-2000), as well as protection against increased voltage caused by accidental electrical contact between live parts under voltage and the ground in electrical installations with a power of more than one kV, discharges thunderstorms and switching switches (according to GOST R 50571.18-2000, GOST R 50571.19-2000), and directional actions of electromagnetic forces (GOST R 50571.20-2000).
For more than half a century, the PUEs have been constantly revised and supplemented. These actions were necessary, because both technology and technology are constantly evolving, which makes it absolutely necessary to constantly strengthen the requirements for the safety and security of electrical installations. Variants of PUE modifications were noted in improved consecutive editions.
Edition number 1 was dated 1947-1949, the second number - 1950-1956, they were issued gradually. Subsequently, the chapters of issue number three were combined into one book, and this was done for a whole year: from 1964 to 1965.
The fourth version was sent to the press 6 years later, in 1971, after which another five years passed before the creation of the next, fifth edition, which appeared as separate issues from 1976 to 1982.
The next version, which was launched on June 1, 1985 in the USSR, was the sixth in a row, and it was prepared with the help of the organization of the Ministry of Energy and Electrification.
The seventh issue was not published immediately: both single chapters and separate sections were issued for review.
Sections and chapters of the 7th edition
The 2016 book is divided into 7 sections, each of which consists of several chapters. The first section gives general definitions, describes what an electrical installation is, what electrical networks are. In addition, regulatory data are described, as well as protective measures for the operation of electrical systems and principles for the use of grounding are regulated.
The second section gives detailed information about how to choose the right wiring, choose the cable cross-section, the material of its manufacture, the laying method. This part of the book describes all operations related to the sewerage of electricity. Here the word "sewerage" is not used in the usual sense for all of us as a drain of dirty water. Sewerage electrical energy describes how current is transferred from a source to a sink.
Transfer of electrical energy from source to consumer
In matters of operation of electrical networks, safety of use occupies a special place. Therefore, the entire third chapter is devoted to automatic devices, which must cut off the current in the event of a dangerous voltage. These measures help to avoid short circuits and overheating of the wires during operation.
In any apartment, all electrical wires converge in one place - in the electrical panel. There is also usually an electricity meter. In order for the house to always have light, the current must pass through a complex distribution system, consisting of many substations of different levels. All regulatory data on distribution systems are contained in the fourth chapter of the PUE.
The fifth section talks about electric power plants (generators, electric motors, electrical equipment of elevators and cranes).
In the sixth section of 2015, detailed instructions for the implementation of lighting stages of all types:
- outdoor;
- internal;
- advertising.
The final seventh section describes the electrical equipment required for residential and public buildings, electricity metering systems, and the voltage level in the networks. In addition, the section contains rules safe operation electrical equipment in places of increased danger, for example, in fire or explosive areas.
How to use PUE?
Thanks to the systematization of all quantities, the use of PUE helps to avoid the most complex calculations, just download this manual. Let's consider one simple example in practice. So, in order to find out the required wire cross-section in the general case, you must use the formula:
It is clear that it is difficult to figure out how all these variables and constants are designated without deep knowledge in the field of electrodynamics and electrical engineering. Therefore, to calculate the required section, they use a ready-made table from the rules, which can be viewed for free.
Permissible continuous current for wires and cords with rubber and PVC insulation with copper conductors
| Current- wire- wire core, mm 2 | Current, A, for wires laid | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Open- then | in one pipe | |||||
| two one- vein | three one- vein | four one- vein | one two- vein | one three vein |
||
| 0,5 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 0,75 | 15 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 15 | 14 |
| 1,2 | 20 | 18 | 16 | 15 | 16 | 14,5 |
| 1,5 | 23 | 19 | 17 | 16 | 18 | 15 |
| 2 | 26 | 24 | 22 | 20 | 23 | 19 |
| 2,5 | 30 | 27 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 21 |
| 3 | 34 | 32 | 28 | 26 | 28 | 24 |
| 4 | 41 | 38 | 35 | 30 | 32 | 27 |
| 5 | 46 | 42 | 39 | 34 | 37 | 31 |
| 6 | 50 | 46 | 42 | 40 | 40 | 34 |
| 8 | 62 | 54 | 51 | 46 | 48 | 43 |
| 10 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 55 | 50 |
| 16 | 100 | 85 | 80 | 75 | 80 | 70 |
| 25 | 140 | 115 | 100 | 90 | 100 | 85 |
| 35 | 170 | 135 | 125 | 115 | 125 | 100 |
| 50 | 215 | 185 | 170 | 150 | 160 | 135 |
| 70 | 270 | 225 | 210 | 185 | 195 | 175 |
| 95 | 330 | 275 | 255 | 225 | 245 | 215 |
| 120 | 385 | 315 | 290 | 260 | 295 | 250 |
| 150 | 440 | 360 | 330 | - | - | - |
| 185 | 510 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 240 | 605 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 300 | 695 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 400 | 830 | - | - | - | - | - |
Where are the rules used?
Today, the Electrical Installation Rules are considered the main and main document that establishes the requirements for standardization objects that are mandatory for design engineers.
When creating any versions of new electrical installations, they are required to comply with the EMP describing electrical devices and the laws of their creation, affecting the important fundamental requirements of individual systems, parts and communications of the power system.
Power system communications
The 7th edition is currently used in Russia. The PUE of the previous, 6th edition, is still used in Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. However, in Russia it is considered obsolete.
Related videos
Hello, dear visitors and readers of the Electrician's Notes website.
In many articles published on the pages of this site, I often refer to regulatory technical documents, such as PUE, PTEEP, POT R M-016 and others. I do this in order to prove to the reader that all the requirements are not invented by me out of my head, but are taken strictly from regulatory documents.
PUE (Electrical Installation Rules) is the main regulatory technical document (NTD) used by design engineers when creating electrical installations of all modifications and types. If to speak in simple terms, then the PUE are the rules that describe electrical devices and the principles of their construction, as well as the basic requirements of individual systems, nodes, elements and communications of the power system.
Let me remind you that the PUE apply to newly constructed and reconstructed electrical installations of direct and alternating current with a voltage of up to 750 (kV), including special electrical installations.
Attention! Currently, the PUE operates on the territory of the Russian Federation in the form of separate sections and chapters of the 7th edition and the current sections and chapters of the 6th edition.
As for the countries of the former Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the 6th edition of the EMP is still in force there, which is now considered to be somewhat outdated.
I’ll tell you a little about the history of the creation and development of the PUE.
History of PUE (Electrical Installation Rules)
PUE has been in existence for over 50 years. Its publications are constantly supplemented and revised to this day, because there is a constant development of technology and technology, which requires more stringent requirements for electrical safety and reliability of electrical installations.
For example, PUE 5 editions were published in the period from 1976 to 1982 in separate sections. PUE 6 edition was developed and put into effect by the Ministry of Energy and Electrification of the USSR on June 1, 1985.
In the period from 1999 to 2003, individual chapters and sections of the new PUE 7th edition were developed taking into account modern GOSTs, SNiPs and recommendations of working groups.
For example, Chapters 4.1 and 4.2 of the EMP of the 7th edition were approved by order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation on 06/20/2003 and entered into force on 11/01/2003.
At my workplace there is a general edition of PUE-6, as well as newly introduced sections and chapters of PUE-7 in the form of separate brochures.
What is the difference between the PUE of the 7th edition and the PUE of the 6th edition?
The sections and chapters of PUE-7 released into the light have tightened the requirements for electrical safety, which have become practically in line with international standards and norms. Some concepts have also been introduced:
- IT grounding system
- protective grounding (instead of the concept of grounding)
- etc.
I would also like to say that PUE-7 does not take into account the requirements for the protection of electrical installations from fires in accordance with GOST R 50571.17-2000, from overvoltages during ground faults in electrical installations above 1000 (V), from switching and lightning surges and discharges in accordance with GOST R 50571.19-2000, GOST R 50571.18-2000 and GOST R 50571.20-2000.
Thus, the PUE of the 7th edition is not the last edition, but will also be supplemented in the future.
PUE 7 edition download
Dear readers and guests of the site "Electrician's Notes", I suggest you download the current editions of PUE-6 and PUE-7 completely free of charge in in electronic format which I personally use.
I like the electronic version of the PUE (Electrical Installation Rules) because it conveniently, clearly and systematically breaks down all its sections and chapters. I would like to note that in the electronic version of the EMP are laid out in the form of a general publication, i.e. as current chapters from the 6th edition and introduced chapters from the 7th edition.
Another plus of the electronic edition of the PUE is the presence of active links to related clauses of the rules.
If electronic edition You don’t need it, then I suggest downloading the PUE in .pdf or .doc formats.
(version in .pdf format, only PUE-7)
(version in .doc format, PUE-6 and PUE-7, broken down by chapters and sections)